atoms craters exhibit hydrogen near permanently poles shadowed signature caps has ice mars evidence fluvial has mars processes caps evidence fluvial has ice processes early earth global had have magma may moon ocean been body computers earth has mars-sized modelled successfully using asteroidal been has impacts shaped volcanism been earth has moon shaped volcanism asteroidal been earth has impacts moon shaped between body collision created debris earth following formation mars-sized titanic 1/2 1/4 diameter is 1/4 diameter is natural satellite sole 1/4 diameter earth is moon 1/2 diameter is natural satellite sole 1/2 diameter earth is moon earth is moon natural satellite sole caps earth has ice oceans are craters cryogenic near permanently poles shadowed temperatures earth geologically inactive is moon today asteroids comets derived impact is presumed primitive water frozen must water carried lunar neutron orbital prospector spectrometer was asteroidal impacts provide record unique craters crust desiccated except highly near permanently poles shadowed crust desiccated earth has highly moon accretion crust desiccated high highly implies materials temperature 4.5 ago billion collision created debris following formation place titanic took years accretion collision consistent created debris following formation high is materials temperature titanic condensed craters have may near organics permanently poles shadowed vapor water atoms been has hydrogen measured neutron orbital signature spectrometer been has measured neutron orbital spectrometer asteroids comets impact organics primitive released vapor water contrasts earth mars contrasts crust desiccated highly mars contrasts crust desiccated earth highly atoms cryogenic hydrogen imply signature temperatures cryogenic imply temperatures water atoms hydrogen imply signature water